Influences of human activity on deformations of the ancient structures of Ichan-Kala in Khiva City

摘要

Like Bukhara and Samarkand, Khiva is one of the ancient cities of the world. After Khiva's 2500th anniversary in 1997 UNESCO added Khiva to the list of cities of world heritage. The architectural complex of monuments of Ichan-Kala is the work of ancient Horezm's XVIII-XIX century architects and consists of several structures such as the madrasahs: Alla-Kuli Khan (1835), Tash-Hauli (1832), Amir-Tura (1870), Muhammad-Amin Khan (1871), ancient masonry city wall (1780) and others. Unfortunately, in the course of time, it is inevitable that the monuments accumulate damage. The ancient monuments are less protected against the negative factors of environmental and human activities. With the purpose to find the reasons for the deformation of foundations of buildings of the monument of Ichan-Kala and for the development of techniques for improving the properties of soils, hydro-geological, engineering-geological and geophysical investigations were conducted.