Comparison of regulated and non-regulated pollutants with iso-octane/butanol and iso-octane/ethanol blends in a port-fuel injection Spark-Ignition engine

摘要

Experimental tests were carried out on a single-cylinder port-fuel injection SI engine to quantify the potential of butanol/isooctane blends (with an alcohol concentration of 0%_(vol), 25%_(vol). 50%_(vol), 75%_(vol) and 100%_(vol)) to reduce regulated pollutants (CO, CO_2, No_x and THC), and non-regulated pollutants (methane, acetylene, ethylene, benzene, acetaldehyde and formaldehyde), without deteriorating the engine performance. A comparison with results obtained for ethanol/isooctane blends is given. It was observed that the addition of alcohol results in an increase of the fuel consumption of about 30% with butanol and 60% with ethanol, but only a slight increase (about 2%) in CO_2 emissions. A strong decrease in HC and No_x emissions was obtained for both alcohols. For the non-regulated pollutants, the addition of ethanol induces a reduction of up to 100% in ethylene emissions, whereas with butanol, a strong increase is observed. The addition of butanol induces a greater decrease, of up to 100%, in methane emissions than ethanol. For benzene emissions, a strong reduction is observed for both alcohols. Moreover, the addition of alcohol engenders a reduction in acetylene emissions and an increase in formaldehyde emissions, but at different levels for both alcohols. Finally, no effects or trends were distinguishable for acetaldehyde and CO emissions.