Listeria monocytogenes began to emerge 20 years ago as a problem in processed meats and poultry products, with a foodborne illness outbreak from hot dogs and delicatessen luncheon meats that resulted in 101 illnesses, 15 adult deaths, and 6 stillbirths or miscarriages associated with the outbreak. By 1999, an especially virulent strain of L. monocytogenes emerged. Despite meaningful steps by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service to requite federal meat processing establishments to employ more effective Listera control measures, data on Listeria-related illnesses during the summer of 2002 led FSIS to address the problem more seriously via Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) programs, Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), and other control measures.
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