Prevalence, timing, and haemodynamic correlates of prodromes in patients with vasovagal syncope induced by head-up tilt test

摘要

Aims To evaluate the prevalence, timing, and haemodynamic characteristics of prodromal symptoms in patients experiencing vasovagal syncope (VVS) during a head-up tilt test (HUT) potentiated with nitroglycerin, and their relationships with those reported before spontaneous episodes.