Global Aquatic Passive Sampling (AQUA-GAPS): Using Passive Samplers to Monitor POPs in the Waters of the World

摘要

The Stockholm Convention (SC) on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has highlighted the global risk(s) posed byrnorganic contaminants that are persistent, bioaccumulate, are prone to long-range transport, and have the potential to cause adverse effects in humans and wildlife (1). As a result of the SC, monitoring programs are underway to record concentrations of POPs across the globe over time, with atmospheric sampling and human milk as the recommended media (2). The global atmospheric passive sampling (GAPS) program, which utilizes passive air sampling devices at monitoring sites on all continents, mostly in remote regions, has demonstrated the potential for global coverage (3, 4). While data from GAPS addresses the atmospheric compartment and potentially plants and soils exchanging with air, it does not readily address prevailing concentrations or trends in aquatic environments.