Conceptual Design of Monitoring and Evaluation Plans for Fish and Wildlife in the Columbia River Ecosystem

摘要

A logical sequence of seven steps is proposed as a generic template to design plans for monitoring and eval- uating fish and wildlife in the Columbia River ecosystem. Man- agement programs for these resources fail to include coordi- nated monitoring and evaluation plans. This short-coming is indicative of pervasive management conflicts detected from regional to local geographic scales.