Co-benefits of CO_2 emission reduction in a developing country

摘要

In this paper, we examine the co-benefits of reducing CO_2 emissions in Thailand during 2005-2050 in terms of local pollutant emissions as well as the role of renewable-, biomass- and nuclear-energy. It also examines the implications of CO_2 emission reduction policy on energy security of the country. The analyses are based on a long term energy system model of Thailand using the MARKAL framework. The study shows that the power sector would account for the largest share (over 60%) in total CO_2 emission reduction followed by the industrial and transport sectors. Under the CO_2 emission reduction target of 30%, there would be a reduction in SO_2 emission by 43% from the base case level. With the CO_2 emission reduction target of 10-30%. the cumulative net energy imports in the country during 2005-2050 would be reduced in the range of over 16 thousand PJ to 26 thousand PJ from the base case emission level. Under the CO_2 emission reduction targets, the primary energy supply system would be diversified towards lower use of coal and higher use of natural gas, biomass and nuclear fuels.