Slag Formation during Entrained Flow Gasification: Silicon-Rich Grass Fuel with a KHCO_3 Additive

摘要

Prediction of ash particle adherence to walls, melting, and flow properties are important for successful operation of slagging entrained flow gasifiers. In the present study, silicon-rich reed canary grass was gasified at 1000 and 1200 degrees C with solid KFICO3 added at 0, 1, or 5 wt % to evaluate the impact and efficiency of the dry mixed additive on slag properties. The fuel particles collided with an angled flat impact probe inside the hot reactor, constructed to allow for particle image velocimetry close to the surface of the probe. Ash deposit layer buildup was studied in situ as well as ash particle shape, size, and velocity as they impacted on the probe surface. The ash deposits were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy, giving detailed information on morphology and elemental composition. Results were compared to thermodynamic equilibrium calculations for phase composition and viscosity. The experimental observations (slag melting, flow properties, and composition) were in good qualitative agreement with the theoretical predictions. Accordingly, at 1000 degrees C, no or partial melts were observed depending upon the potassium/silicon ratio; instead, high amounts of additive and a temperature of at least 1200 degrees C were needed to create a flowing melt.