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摘要

Emi/emc(electromagnetic-interference/electromag-netic-compatibility) certification is among the tough-est design milestones for embedded automotive con-trollers. My company once developed an 8-bit con-troller for air-path control of a direct-injection diesel engine. Engine-performance results were encouraging, so the next step was to approach the local certification agency for EMI/EMC-compliance testing. The EMI test was a piece of cake: An onboard 4-MHz crystal generated almost no RF interference.