Ergonomics in action

摘要

Alan Hedges Cornell University Hand Tool Design class materials reference many positive ergonomic design features of tools routinely used by electricians. Biomechanical considerations for tool use include grip strength, which depends on forearm muscles; grip configuration, which determines strength requirements; and wrist posture, which affects strength and risk of injury. Using tools that encourage a straight-wrist position is always preferred. Tool shape directly affects hand tool performance. Tools should be shaped to avoid wrist deviation, allowing the hand and forearm to remain in alignment during forceful grip exertion. Handle design can help improve grip possibilities. Handles should be located at or above the center of gravity of the load. Handles should be designed for both bare and gloved-hand operation and should be textured to reduce slippage, but should not be contoured. Handles should not be cold or hot or sharp. Grips should be contoured to the curve of the palm of the hand. Typical ergonomic design solutions include bent- or curved-handle designs, pistol grips and cylindrical grips. Grips should not be heavily contoured for the fingers because it can cause pressure ridges for some hand sizes.