"Clearly," wrote an exasperated Winston Churchill in the summer of 1944, "I cannot make head against the parsons and the warriors at the same time." Through most of that July the British prime minister had been asking his military chiefs to reconsider the question of using poison gas against Germany, telling them he wanted "cold-blooded calculation" rather than moralistic arguments about the unique iniquity of chemical weapons. The joint chiefs unanimously came down against the idea. Churchill grumpily acquiesced.
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