Main Types of Fluid Systems in the Consolidated Crust and Their Relationship with Tectonic Structures

摘要

Until recently, opinions on the deep-seated fluid systems of the Earth's crust were mainly hypothetical. The fluid nature of geophysical heterogeneities in the consolidated crust of continents (waveguides, conducting zones, and areas with elevated absorption of seismic waves and intense layering) is undoubted. Therefore, their study provides a basis for more definite interpretation of fluid systems. Such the heterogeneities are considered geophysical indicators of fluid systems. Information on deep-seated fluids can also be obtained from data on recent degassing of the Earth and development of metamorphic processes. The regime of present-day fluid systems reflects modern dynamics or neody-namics of fluids (the exchange of intracrust fluids with mantle volatiles and surficial waters). This interpretation is different from the petrological interpretation of the crustal fluid regime based on fluid-mineral equilibriums and ancient fluid inclusions.