Glycated Hemoglobin and the Risk of Kidney Disease and Retinopathy in Adults With and Without Diabetes

摘要

Objective-glycated hemoglobin was recently recommended for use as a diagnostic test for diabetes. We examined the association between 2010 american diabetes association diagnostic cut points for glycated hemoglobin and microvascular outcomes (chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease [esrd], and retinopathy) and formally tested for the presence of risk thresholds in the relationships of glycated hemoglobin with these outcomes. Research design and methods-prospective cohort and cross-sectional analyses of 11,357 participants (773 with a history of diagnosed diabetes) from the atherosclerosis risk in communities (aric) study. Results-during a median of 14 years of follow-up of individuals without diagnosed diabetes at baseline, clinical categories of glycated hemoglobin were associated with risk of chronic kidney disease, with adjusted hazard ratios (hrs) of 1.12 (0.94-1.34) and 1.39 (1.04-1.85) for glycated hemoglobin 5.7-6.4% and ≥6.5%, respectively, as compared with <5.7% (p trend = 0.002). The corresponding hrs for esrd were 1.51 (0.82-2.76) and 1.98 (0.83-4.73), respectively (p trend = 0.047). In the absence of diagnosed diabetes, glycated hemoglobin was cross sectionally associated with the presence of moderate/severe retinopathy, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.42 (0.69-2.92) and 2.91 (1.19-7.11) for glycated hemoglobin 5.7-<6.5% and ≥6.5%, respectively, compared with <5.7% (p trend = 0.011). Risk associations were stronger among individuals with a history of diabetes. We did not observe significant thresholds in the associations of glycated hemoglobin with kidney disease risk or retinopathy. Conclusions-these data from a community-based, biracial population support the use of new 2010 american diabetes association glycated hemoglobin cut points for the diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes 60:298-305, 2011