Hydraulic drivers of populations, communities and ecosystem processes

摘要

The combination of climate change and increasing development of land and water resources is imposing pressure on aquatic ecosystems worldwide (Poff et al. 2007; Blann et al. 2009; Arthington et al. 2010; Best 2019; Boretti and Rosa 2019; Reid et al. 2019). Many drivers of fluvial processes are changing today, and many of these changes are expected to accelerate in the near future. Spatial patterns and timing of precipitation are changing globally, thereby shifting water inputs into freshwater systems and potentially producing more floods and droughts via intensification of the hydrological cycle, increasing frequency of extreme events, and increasing duration of dry seasons (Davis et al. 2015; Madakumbura et al. 2019; Koutsoyiannis 2020). Under increasing pressure from water insecurity, both governmental agencies and private landowners are increasing the abstraction of sourcewaters for human use, thereby moving and storing greater amounts of water throughout fluvial systems (Jaramillo and Destouni 2015; Rodell et al. 2018; Best 2019; Boretti and Rosa 2019).