Metabolic Syndrome in People Living with HIV in Lome (Togo): Epidemiological Aspects and Associated Factors

摘要

Introduction: People living with HIV (PLWHIV) are exposed to Metabolic Syndrome (MS), which increases their risk of having cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes. No data on this subject is available in Togo. Objective: The objective of our study was to make an inventory of the metabolic syndrome among PLWHIV in Togo. Method: This was a prospective cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study on PLWHIV received at the day hospital of the Infectious Diseases Department of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital for a period of six months. Results: A total of 279 PLWHIV patients were enrolled, of which 237 (84.9%) were on Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) and 42 (15.1%) were naive. Metabolic syndrome has been demonstrated in 28.7% of the study population. Abdominal obesity was the most represented component of MS with a proportion of 57.7%. Risk factors associated with MS were female sex (OR = 3.01; CI: 1.52 - 5.93; p < 0.001), body mass index ≥ 25 Kg/m~(2) (OR = 3.29; CI: 1.92 - 5.64; p < 0.001), HDL hypocholesterolemia (OR = 12.24; CI: 5.78 - 25.89; p < 0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 5.09; CI: 2.40 - 10.79; p < 0.01), hyperglycemia (OR = 3.39; CI: 1.82 - 6.30; p < 0.024), LDL hypercholesterolemia (OR = 2.04; CI: 1.17 - 3.56; p < 0.012), CD4 count ≥ 500 cel/mm~(3) (OR = 1.85; CI: 1.06 - 3.20; p < 0.029), high blood pressure (OR = 13.04; CI: 6.16 - 27.62; p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is a need to screen MS for PLWHIV so that risk factors associated with it can be addressed early.