Evaluation of Wheat Genotypes for a Single Stem Rust Race TTTTF in Ethiopia

摘要

Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat which causing considerable yield losses in wheat-growing areas in Ethiopia. Disease-resistant cultivars provide one of the best means for controlling stem rust. The current study aimed to evaluate wheat genotypes for seedling and adult plant stage resistance for the predominant wheat stem rust races; TTTTF. Both seedling and adult plant stage evaluations were conducted on 203 wheat genotypes under greenhouse and field conditions. Seedling and adult plant stage evaluations were conducted using artificial inoculation of the race TTTTF. Augmented and completely randomized designs were used for field and seedling tests, respectively. Three susceptible and two resistance check genotypes were used for field evaluation for each block. Seedling evaluation results showed 85% of the genotypes exhibited resistance infection type (2). Field phenotyping results revealed 72%, 22% and 6% of the genotypes showed resistance (15%), moderately resistance (20-35%) and susceptible (40) reaction for stem rust race TTTTF. From the ANOVA table, highly significant variation between test and check genotypes was observed for different disease parameters and TKW. High and positive correlations existed between different disease parameters and a negative correlation was observed between TKW and disease parameters. Based on field and seedling evaluation, a total of 151 genotypes were selected for future breeding pipelines. Therefore, resistant wheat genotypes identified in the current study will be a potential source of genotypes for further wheat breeding and pathological research activities.