Integral Resonance Control In Continuous Wave Superconducting Particle Accelerators

摘要

Superconducting accelerating cavities for continuous wave low-current particle accelerators requires a tight resonance control to optimize the RF power costs and to minimize the beam delivery downtime. When the detuning produced by radiation pressure becomes comparable to the RF bandwidth, the monotonic instability starts to affect the cavity operation. When this instability is triggered by external vibrations or drifts, the accelerating field amplitude drops rapidly, and the beam acceleration has to be stopped. Past experiments showed that using an integral control of the piezoelectric tuners installed on the cavity prevents the adverse effects of the monotonic instability. This paper derives theoretically why an integral controller is an effective way to counteract the monotonic instability. To perform the study a linearized state-space model of the cavity is derived. Simulations and experiments in a superconducting test facility indicate that the use of this kind of control has the additional benefit of bringing the cavities to the resonance condition automatically.