内疚是指当个体知道自己做错了事情或伤害了别人时，会感到局促不安，同时倾向于向受害者道歉或采取某些措施来弥补自己犯下的错误时所产生的一种自我意识情绪。内疚在亲社会行为和道德规范中具有重要的作用。本文结合国内外的研究，对内疚情绪产生的神经机制、认知机制以及发展特征进行了总结。未来可以从三个方面来展开研究：1) 探究幼儿内疚情绪的发展特点和影响因素；2) 完善内疚情绪研究的实验范式，通过实验研究对内疚情绪的影响因素做出因果推断；3) 综合观察法、生理反馈技术、眼动仪等进一步研究内疚情绪发生时的外在反应和内在反应，建立内疚情绪的识别系统，为内疚情绪的研究提供新的依据和方法。 Guilt is a self-conscious emotions, which occurs when an individual knows that he has done some-thing wrong or hurts someone else, and tends to apologize to the victim or take some steps to make up for his mistake. Guilt plays an important role in prosocial behavior and ethics. Combining with the research at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the neural mechanism, cognitive mechanism and developmental characteristics of guilt. The future research can be carried out from three aspects: 1) To explore the development characteristics and influencing factors of children’s gui 2) To improve the experimental paradigm of guilt research and make causal inference on the influencing factors of guilt through experimental research; 3) Further study on the external and internal reactions of guilt emotions by comprehensive observation, physiological feedback technology, eye tracker, etc., and to establish an identification system for guilt emotions, so as to provide a new basis and method for the study of guilt.
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机译：内疚是指当个体知道自己做错了事情或伤害了别人时，会感到局促不安，同时倾向于向受害者道歉或采取某些措施来弥补自己犯下的错误时所产生的一种自我意识情绪。内疚在亲社会行为和道德规范中具有重要的作用。本文结合国内外的研究，对内疚情绪产生的神经机制、认知机制以及发展特征进行了总结。未来可以从三个方面来展开研究：1) 探究幼儿内疚情绪的发展特点和影响因素;2) 完善内疚情绪研究的实验范式，通过实验研究对内疚情绪的影响因素做出因果推断;3) 综合观察法、生理反馈技术、眼动仪等进一步研究内疚情绪发生时的外在反应和内在反应，建立内疚情绪的识别系统，为内疚情绪的研究提供新的依据和方法。 Guilt is a self-conscious emotions, which occurs when an individual knows that he has done some-thing wrong or hurts someone else, and tends to apologize to the victim or take some steps to make up for his mistake. Guilt plays an important role in prosocial behavior and ethics. Combining with the research at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the neural mechanism, cognitive mechanism and developmental characteristics of guilt. The future research can be carried out from three aspects: 1) To explore the development characteristics and influencing factors of children’s gui 2) To improve the experimental paradigm of guilt research and make causal inference on the influencing factors of guilt through experimental research; 3) Further study on the external and internal reactions of guilt emotions by comprehensive observation, physiological feedback technology, eye tracker, etc., and to establish an identification system for guilt emotions, so as to provide a new basis and method for the study of guilt.
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