Stable, predictable and training-free operation of superconducting Bi-2212 Rutherford cable racetrack coils at the wire current density of 1000?A/mm2

摘要

High-temperature superconductors (HTS) could enable high-field magnets stronger than is possible with Nb-Ti and Nbsub3/subSn, but two challenges have so far been the low engineering critical current density JsubE/sub, especially in high-current cables, and the danger of quenches. Most HTS magnets made so far have been made out of REBCO coated conductor. Here we demonstrate stable, reliable and training-quench-free performance of Bi-2212 racetrack coils wound with a Rutherford cable fabricated from wires made with a new precursor powder. These round multifilamentary wires exhibited a record JsubE/sub up to 950?A/mmsup2/sup at 30?T at 4.2?K. These coils carried up to 8.6?kA while generating 3.5?T at 4.2?K at a JsubE/sub of 1020?A/mmsup2/sup. Different from the unpredictable training performance of Nb-Ti and Nbsub3/subSn magnets, these Bi-2212 magnets showed no training quenches and entered the flux flow state in a stable manner before thermal runaway and quench occurred. Also different from Nb-Ti, Nbsub3/subSn, and REBCO magnets for which localized thermal runaways occur at unpredictable locations, the quenches of Bi-2212 magnets consistently occurred in the high field regions over a long conductor length. These characteristics make quench detection simple, enabling safe protection, and suggest a new paradigm of constructing quench-predictable superconducting magnets from Bi-2212.