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Friedmann-Like Cosmological Equations for the Accelerated Expansion of the Universe

机译:Friedmann的宇宙学方程,用于加速扩张宇宙

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In recent papers [1] [2] [3], we framed suitable axioms for Space called Super Space by Wheeler [4]. Using our axioms in Newtonian formalism and considering the density of the universe to be constant in time, we showed in the above references that at t = 0 the radius of the universe need not be zero. And thus, we avoided the problem of singularity. We further showed that the Hubble factor is no longer constant in time and goes on decreasing as confirmed by experiments. We pointed out in the above references that Space is the source of dark energy which is responsible for the accelerated expansion of the universe. With a view to improving the above-mentioned results quantitatively, in this paper, we are discussing the consequences of our axioms using Einstein’s field equations of general theory of relativity. Friedmann-like Cosmological equations with Dark Energy built-in are derived. This derivation is obtained using Robertson-Walker line element and by introducing a suitable expression for Energy-Momentum tensor in terms of matter and Dark energy contents of the universe. The solutions of our cosmological equations obtained here, show that the radius of the universe cannot reach zero but has a minimum value and there is also maximum value for the radius of the universe. The inflationary expansion of the very early universe emerges from our theory.
机译:在近期论文[1] [2] [3]中,我们框架框架适用于称为超空间的空间的合适的公理[4]。在牛顿形式主义中使用我们的公理,考虑到宇宙的密度及时恒定,我们在上面的参考文献中显示,在T = 0时,宇宙的半径不需要为零。因此,我们避免了奇点的问题。我们进一步表明,哈勃因子及时不再恒定,并且通过实验证实逐渐降低。我们在上面的参考文献中指出,空间是暗能源的来源,负责加速宇宙的扩张。在本文中,通过定量地改善上述结果,我们正在使用爱因斯坦的野外方程来讨论我们的公理的后果。衍生具有暗能的弗里德曼的宇宙学方程。使用Robertson-Walker线元件获得该衍生,并通过在宇宙的物质和暗能含量方面引入能量动量张量的合适表达。这里获得的宇宙学方程的解决方案,表明宇宙的半径无法达到零,但具有最小值,并且宇宙的半径也存在最大值。早期宇宙的通货膨胀扩张从我们的理论中出现。

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