Ascenso y declive de Estados Unidos en la hegemonía mundial

摘要

The present article brings together a comparison of two distinct epochs in the world economic order: the crisis of English hegemony at the end of the 19th century, along with the consolidation of American hegemony at the end of World War II and the contemporary process of the crisis of American hegemony beginning in 2001 and continuing today. This approach is based on a structural perspective of the economy in which the global productive system is transformed across the span of different historical periods, and which along with other elements -such as the global monetary order and political, institutional and military leadership- transforms the economic order and hegemony. Applying this methodology leads to the conclusion that the two periods show various similarities, though there are also profound differences, and that currently the global order is in the process of changing towards multipolarity.