Dise?o factorial 2k para la optimización de la síntesis de nanopartículas de plata para su aplicación en biomateriales

摘要

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are an alternative to the use of antibiotics due to their antimicrobial and bactericidal properties. To produce this required functionality, they must have adequate geometry and size. To observe which factors influence these properties, a factorial design 24 was performed varying the following production conditions: synthesis temperature, concentration of silver nitrate (precursor agent), percentage of trisodium citrate (reducing agent) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (dispersing agent). The obtained nanoparticles were evaluated using UV-Vis, TEM and DLS. From the results, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using RStudio. Then, STATGRAPHIC centurion XVII was used to find the synthesis parameter values that allowed to produce nanoparticles with 20 nm diameter. As a result, AgNPs with sizes between 6 and 100 nm were obtained. The results demonstrated that the percentage of PVA does not influence the synthesis, while all other factors such as temperature, the percentage of trisodium citrate, the concentration of silver nitrate and the interaction between them, influence the final particle size. For the optimization of AgNPs production, a size of 20 nm was chosen since a greater antimicrobial capacity is reported using this diameter. It was possible to conclude that to achieve the appropriate shape and size, the following conditions must be met: temperature of 90 °C, concentration of silver nitrate at 0.13 M and a concentration of trisodium citrate of 10 %.