Genetic analysis of spike traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

摘要

An 8×8 half diallel cross design was carried out by the Griffing method II of fixed model (I) in a Complete Randomized Block Design using Kouhdasht, Mehregan, Karim, Line17, N80-19, Atrak, N-92-9 and Ehsan cultivars in two replications at the research field of Gonbad Kavous University in 2017. In order to study the impact of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of traits of wheat maturity including spike length, spike weight, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, awn length, and grain yield. The mean square of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) was significant for all traits at 1% probability level due to the importance of both additive gene action and non-additive gene action on the inheritance of the traits. The obtained results from the ratio of mean square of GCA to SCA indicated that the contribution of dominance was greater than the additive gene in controlling the spike weight and grain yield, while the additive gene effect played a decisive role in the number of grain per spike, length of awn, spike length and weight of spike grain due to the significant ratio of SCA to GCA. According to results number of grains per spike, length of awn, spike length and weight of spike seeds largely had the additive gene variance and had the ability of responsive selection.