Artificial Pancreas Control Strategies Used for Type 1 Diabetes Control and Treatment: A Comprehensive Analysis

摘要

This?paper?presents?a?comprehensive?survey?about?the?fundamental?components?of?theartificial?pancreas?(AP)?system?including?insulin?administration?and?delivery,?glucosemeasurement?(GM),?and?control?strategies/algorithms?used?for?type?1?diabetes?mellitus?(T1DM)treatment?and?control.?Our?main?focus?is?on?the?T1DM?that?emerges?due?to?pancreas’s?failure?toproduce?sufficient?insulin?due?to?the?loss?of?beta?cells?(β‐cells).?We?discuss?various?insulinadministration?and?delivery?methods?including?physiological?methods,?open‐loop,?and?closed‐loopschemes.?Furthermore,?we?report?several?factors?such?as?hyperglycemia,?hypoglycemia,?and?manyother?physical?factors?that?need?to?be?considered?while?infusing?insulin?in?human?body?via?APsystems.?We?discuss?three?prominent?control?algorithms?including?proportional‐integral‐derivative?(PID),?fuzzy?logic,?and?model?predictive,?which?have?been?clinically?evaluated?and?haveall?shown?promising?results.?In?addition,?linear?and?non‐linear?insulin?infusion?control?schemeshave?been?formally?discussed.?To?the?best?of?our?knowledge,?this?is?the?first?work?whichsystematically?covers?recent?developments?in?the?AP?components?with?a?solid?foundation?forfuture?studies?in?the?T1DM?field.