Recently, the study about Marine fish identification is becoming a big challenge for us. Marine biodiversity is always to been underestimated for we can't know how enormous it is. And because of the boundedness, the existing traditional taxonomic methods have not enough ability to detect the mystery of ocean and we must seek for a new way to research how many kinds of fishes in ocean and what kind of the fish is. What's more, with the internationalization of market, not only taxonomy, but the seafood market chaos and plenty of issues about food safety also reflect the importance of Marine fish identification. In this context, a new identification tool ----DNA barcodes has appeared. DNA barcodes is a Molecular identification methods which through sequencing the mitochondrial genes of Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I(COI) sequence and being compared with DNA barcodes database to rapid identification of the sample. In this study, we will introduce the principle, advantages and limitations of DNA barcodes and summarize the application of DNA barcodes in the aspect of Marine fish and seafood identification. All kinds of application research show that DNA barcodes has high resolution and can easily identify fishes to species level. So we have reason to believe that the DNA barcodes can been made full use of in the field of Marine fish authenticity identification though the research of predecessors. What's more, it benefits to enhance the effectiveness of food anti-counterfeit and can help to manage the seafood market more effectively.
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