Effect of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and nitrate fertilization on glucosinolate biosynthesis in mechanically damaged Arabidopsis plants

摘要

Background Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels predicted to occur before the end of the century will impact plant metabolism. In addition, nitrate availability will affect metabolism and levels of nitrogen-containing defense compounds, such as glucosinolates (GSLs). We compared Arabidopsis foliar metabolic profile in plants grown under two CO₂ regimes (440 vs 880?ppm), nitrate fertilization (1?mM vs 10?mM) and in response to mechanical damage of rosette leaves. Results Constitutive foliar metabolites in nitrate-limited plants show distinct global patterns depending on atmospheric CO₂ levels; in contrast, plants grown under higher nitrate fertilization under elevated atmospheric CO₂ conditions have a unique metabolite signature. Nitrate fertilization dampens the jasmonate burst in response to wounding in plants grown at elevated CO₂ levels. Leaf GSL profile mirrors the jasmonate burst; in particular, indole GSLs increase in response to damage in plants grown at ambient CO₂ but only in nitrate-limited plants grown under elevated CO₂ conditions. Conclusions This may reflect a reduced capacity of C3 plants grown under enriched CO₂ and nitrate levels to signal changes in oxidative stress and has implications for future agricultural management practices.