Luneburg-lens-like structural Pauli attractive core of the nuclear force at short distances

摘要

The nuclear force has been understood to have a repulsive core at short distances, similar to a molecular force, since Jastrow proposed it in 1951 [R. Jastrow, Phys. Rev. 81, 165 (1951)]. The existence of the repulsion was experimentally confirmed from the proton-proton scattering 1S0 phase shift, which becomes negative beyond 230 MeV. This repulsion is essential for preventing the nucleon-nucleon system from collapsing by attraction. The origin of the repulsion has been considered to be due to the Pauli principle, similar to the repulsion originally revealed in α-α scattering, in many studies including recent lattice QCD calculations. On the other hand, very recently it was shown that an internuclear potential including α-α interactions has a Luneburg-lens-like attraction at short distances rather than repulsion. I show that the nuclear force with an attractive potential at short distances that reproduces the experimental ~1S_0 phase shifts well has a Luneburg-lens-like structural Pauli attractive core at short distances and acts as apparent repulsion. The apparent repulsion is caused by the deeply embedded unobservable Pauli forbidden state similar to nucleus-nucleus potentials.