Educational Interventions and its Impact on Prevention of Diarrhoea in Urban Slums of Khordha, Odisha, India

摘要

Diarrhoea is a frequently found disease among children which causes childhood morbidity and mortality. Effective management of diarrhoea with Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) immensely helps reducing the morbidity and mortality from diarrhoea among children. The preparation and administration of ORS depend on the awareness level of parents. The use of ORS can be enhanced by suitable health education and promotion among the targeted population.Aim: To find out the knowledge among urban slum dwellers of Bhubaneswar city of Khordha district about management of diarrhoea and preparation of ORS in pre-training and post-training interventions.Materials and Methods: A community based interventional study was conducted among 400 community members of the five urban slums of Bhubaneswar city of Khordha district from June to December 2018. There was an intervention in terms of health education and promotion among the respondents. The baseline awareness level of the participant regarding diarrhoea and preparation of ORS was assessed by pre-tested, pre-designed questionnaire. The educational interventional training was imparted to the participants. Pre and Post training measurements were done regarding the knowledge level of respondents by using the scoring method.Results: The result shows that the knowledge regarding preventive measures and management of diarrhoea had been improved after the educational interventions. The current study found that, 194 (48.5%) of respondents were highly satisfied on the Odia skit and 82 (20.5%) shows their positive response towards demonstrations as effective methods for health education. Whereas, 52 (13%) of the respondents were satisfied with group discussion, 46 (11.5%) of respondents shows their positive response towards posters and pamphlets, and 26 (6.5%) of them positively responded towards extra-mural lectures as suitable communication methods for enhancement of knowledge.Conclusion: Knowledge of the people regarding causes, signs, symptoms, and prevention of diarrhoea and correct method of preparation of ORS has been increased significantly after these interventions. The study shows that role play (Odiya skit) is one of the best methods which would deliver the desired messages to the community.