Identification of genetic variations of influenza virusesis essential for epidemic and pandemic outbreak surveil-lance and determination of vaccine strain selection. In thisstudy, we combined a random amplification strategy withhigh-density resequencing microarray technology todemonstrate simultaneous detection and sequence-basedtyping of 25 geographically distributed human influenzavirus strains collected in 2004 and 2005. In addition to iden-tification, this method provided primary sequence informa-tion, which suggested that distinct lineages of influenzaviruses co-circulated during the 2004–2005 season, andsimultaneously identified and typed all component strainsof the trivalent FluMist intranasal vaccine. The resultsdemonstrate a novel, timely, and unbiased method for themolecular epidemiologic surveillance of influenza viruses
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