A Control System Framework for Building Energy Retrofitting and Maintenance Planning

摘要

The building energy e?ciency has received massive atten-tion from the government, industry and academia, due tothe mismatch between the shortage of energy resourcesand the growing energy demands (Khatib (2012)). Howev-er, a building is a complex system that involves a largenumber of interacting energy related components. Theinteractions among building components actually allowmany di?erent energy systems in buildings: one or sev-eral components can comprise a subsystem that pr ovidesadditional or enhanced functionality and consumes energyof the building. As a result, many energy e?ciency oppor-tunities can be identi?ed in buildings. Each opportunitypertains to a type of subsystem from di?erent perspec-tives. Accordingly, a hierarchical building energy e?ciencyframework can be identi?ed by categorizing these energye?ciency opportunities into four layers, i.e., the powerquality control, smart appliance operation, energy ?owbalance and energy e?ciency project planning. The fourlayers are distinguished by di?erent functionalities andcontrol intervals. While the ?rst three layers involve ex-cessively studied engineering ?elds (e.g., Abo-Al-Ez et al.(2014); Setlhaolo et al. (2014) ; Tazvinga et al. (2015); Wuet al. (2015)), the energy e?ciency planning is neverthe-less less well understood, due to the lack of a systematicapproach to model, evaluate and optimize the planningof building energy e?ciency projects. As a result, theenergy e?ciency project planning has received increasingattentions from the researchers in the recent years.