Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Phytochemicals for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) - Turning Strong Rationale into Strong Evidence? -

摘要

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises twotypes of chronic and relapsing intestinal inflammationconditions including Crohn’s disease and ulcerativecolitis [1]. Although the exact etiology of IBD remainselusive, the interaction of host’s immune system withdiet and microbiome of intestinal tract in geneticallysusceptible individuals seems to play a pivotal role inthe pathogenesis of IBD [2]. Encoding regions for nucleotideoligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) and interleukin23 T helper 17 (Th17) pathway are the most prominentgenetic components of IBD pathogenesis [3,4]. NOD2recognizes bacterial peptidoglycan and triggers the inflammatorycascade [5], and interleukin 23 is integral toimmune defense against non-self-antigens and chronicintestinal inflammation [6].