Effects of miswak and nano calcium carbonate toothpastes on the hardness of demineralized human tooth surfaces

摘要

This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of brushing with miswak and nano calcium carbonate toothpaste on surface hardnesses of human tooth surfaces that had been demineralized using citric acid. After brushing for fourteen or twenty-eight minutes, surface hardness was measured using a Knoop Hardness Tester and data were compared using Wilcoxon, Kruskal--Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. These analyses showed that increase in surface hardness was greater after application of nano calcium carbonate toothpaste than after application of miswak toothpaste (p 0.05).