Measurements of Neutrons In A Mixed Gamma- Neutron Field Using Three Different Types of Detectors

摘要

A linear electron accelerator for medical use is a device for the treatment of tumors by collimated beams of electrons and/or photons. These accelerators are devices that employ electromagnetic waves of high frequency, to accelerate electrons that are used directly in the treatment of superficial tumors, or, if they are made to hit them on an appropriate target, they can produce photons of high energy destined to the treatment of deeptumors.Depending on the energy of the electrons and photons and the materials that make up the head of the accelerator and the target, this equipment will produce in addition to the aforementioned radiation, neutron fields of regular intensity. It is necessary to estimate the equivalent dose due to the neutrons themselves, the doses due to the gamma field of neutron capture, produced by the capture of thermal neutrons in the concrete of the bunker, and the gamma doses due to phenomena of neutron activation of elements of the own accelerator. It is therefore important to be able to measure (detect, quantify, dose, etc.) both photons and neutrons in these cases and others more. In this work we use three different detectors, namely a scintillator-photomultiplier system, a fast reading dosimeter and bubble detector. The idea is to measure the radiation separately and compare their results. The results obtained were the mixed gamma-neutron field spectrum, the dose due only to neutrons obtained by the bubble detectors, which is compared to the dose obtained by the second fast reading dosimeters (model 884), plus the dose obtained by the first dosimeters (model 609) and finally the dose obtained by the Victoreen dosimeter.