Identification of interspecies interactions affecting Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence phenotypes

摘要

Background:Periodontitisisrecognizedasacomplexpolymicrobialdisease,however,theimpactofthebacterialinteractionsamongthe700-1,000differentspeciesoftheoralmicrobiotaremainspoorlyunderstood.Weconductedaninvitroscreenfororalbacteriathatmitigateselectedvirulencephenotypesoftheimportantperiodontalpathogen,Porphyromonasgingivalis.Methods:Weisolatedandidentifiedoralanaerobicbacteriafromsubgingivalplaqueofdentalpatients.WhencoculturedwithP.gingivalisW83,specificisolatesreducedthecytopathogeniceffectsofP.gingivalisonoralepithelialcells.Results:Inaninitialscreenof103subgingivalisolates,weidentified19distinctstrainsfromninespeciesofbacteria(includingActinomycesnaeslundii,Streptococcusoralis,Streptococcusmitis,andVeilonelladispar)thatprotectoralepithelialcellsfromP.gingivalis-inducedcytotoxicity.WefoundthatsomeofthesestrainsinhibitedP.gingivalisgrowthinplateassaysthroughtheproductionoforganicacids,whereassomedecreasedthegingipainactivityofP.gingivalisincocultureormixingexperiments.Conclusion:Insummary,weidentified19strainsisolatedfromhumansubgingivalplaquethatinteractedwithP.gingivalis,resultinginmitigationofitscytotoxicitytooralepithelialcells,inhibitionofgrowth,and/orreductionofgingipainactivity.UnderstandingthemechanismsofinteractionbetweenbacteriaintheoralmicrobialcommunitymayleadtothedevelopmentofnewprobioticagentsandnewstrategiesforinterruptingthedevelopmentofperiodontaldiseaseKeywords:oralpathogen;bacterialinteractions;virulence;gingipain;cytotoxicity(Published:17October2011)Citation:JournalofOralMicrobiology2011,3:8396-DOI:10.3402/jom.v3i0.8396