A Combined Fuzzy Logic and Analytical Hierarchy Process Method for Optimal Selection and Locating of Pedestrian Crosswalks

摘要

One of the main challenges for transportation engineers is the consideration of pedestrian safety as the most vulnerable aspect of the transport system. In many countries around the world, a large number of accidents recorded by the police are composed of accidents involving pedestrians and vehicles, for example when pedestrians may be struck by passing vehicles when crossing the street. Careful consideration of the parameters that are involved in selecting the type and optimum location of pedestrian crosswalks results in a higher pedestrian safety coefficient and a reduced accident rate at these facilities. At the start of this study, these parameters that are important in specifying the optimum type and location of pedestrian crosswalks were determined. Then the data layers of these identified parameters were defined using the ArcGIS software. These layers can subsequently be used for determination of the optimal positioning of pedestrian crosswalks. To specify the boundary changes for each parameter, fuzzy membership functions were defined for each parameter using fuzzy logic. The Analytical Hierarchy Process method (AHP) was used in order to combine these layers of information after the fuzzy membership functions were defined. Expert Choice software was used to determine the final weight resultant of the professionals' poll that was conducted. A field study sample has been carried out to determine the optimal location of pedestrian crosswalks in the city of Tehran. The final output from the ArcGIS software shows the ideal locations and the appropriate type of pedestrian crosswalks in the field study sample. The results indicate that the use of fuzzy logic in definition of membership functions of location parameters, along with using AHP for determination of the weight of data layers built in ArcGIS, is a satisfactory combined method for specifying the location of pedestrian crosswalks.