Background: Sarcopenia and osteoporosis are systemic features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study investigated the association between sarcopenia and osteopenia/osteoporosis, and the factors associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) in men with COPD. Methods: Data of 777 men with COPD who underwent both pulmonary function test and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry were extracted from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey database between 2008 and 2011. Sarcopenia was assessed with the appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI) and osteopenia/osteoporosis with the T-score. Results: As the severity of airflow limitation increased, sarcopenia prevalence increased (Ptrend 0.001). Additionally, as the degree of sarcopenia became severe, osteopenia/osteoporosis prevalence increased (Ptrend 0.001), and a significant positive correlation was noted between appendicular skeletal muscle mass and BMD (ASMIT-score: r = 0.408, P < 0.001). Sarcopenia was independently associated with an increased risk of low BMD in men with COPD (OR = 2.31; 95% CI, 1.53–3.46; P < 0.001). Old age and low fat mass were significantly associated with low BMD in both sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic participants. High serum hemoglobin and insulin levels were associated with a reduced risk of low BMD only in the sarcopenic participants, while exercise and dietary intake were associated with a reduced risk only in the nonsarcopenic participants. Conclusions: Sarcopenia is closely correlated with osteopenia/osteoporosis in men with COPD. Moreover, different factors are associated with low BMD according to the presence/absence of sarcopenia in that population.Sarcopenia is more prevalent in patients with distal radius fracture (DRF) than in age- and sex-matched controls. Lower appendicular mass index in men and weaker grip strength in both men and women increase the likelihood of DRF. Introduction: Sarcopenia is a core component of physical frailty that predisposes older people to falls and negatively impacts the activities of daily living. The objectives of this study were to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with DRF with that in ageand sex-matched controls without DRF; and evaluate the association between sarcopenia and the occurrence of DRF. Methods: We prospectively recruited 132 patients over 50?years of age who sustained DRF due to fall and 132 age- and sex-matched controls without DRF. A definition of sarcopenia was based on the consensus of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Sarcopenic components including appendicular lean body mass, grip strength, and gait speed were compared between the two groups. Other factors assessed for the occurrence of DRF were age, gender, body mass index (BMI), lumbar, and hip bone mineral density (BMD) values. A conditional logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the associations between sarcopenia and the occurrence of DRF. Results: A total of 39 (30%) of 132 DRF patients were sarcopenic, whereas 23 (17%) of the 132 controls were within the sarcopenic criteria (p?=?0.048). The patient group had significantly lower lean body mass and weaker grip strength than those of the control group. However, there was no significant difference in gait speed between the two groups. According to regression analysis, lower appendicular mass index in men was associated with an increased incidence of DRF (odds ratio [OR]?=?0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]?=?0.72, 0.95) while weaker grip strength and lower total hip BMD values were associated with the occurrence of DRF in both men (OR?=?0.77, 95% CI?=?0.63, 0.92; and OR?=?0.79, 95% CI?=?0.64, 0.94, respectively) and women (OR?=?0.78, 95% CI?=?0.64, 0.93, and OR?=?0.73, 95% CI?=?0.52, 0.92, respectively). Conclusions: Sarcopenia is more prevalent in patients with DRF than in age- and sex-matched controls. Lower appendicular mass in men, weaker
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