Abstract To study the unsteady aerodynamic loads of high-speed trains in fluctuating crosswinds, the fluctuating winds of a moving point shifting with high-speed trains are calculated in this paper based on Cooper theory and harmonic superposition method. The computational fluid dynamics method is used to obtain the aerodynamic load coefficients at different mean yaw angles, and the aerodynamic admittance function is introduced to calculate unsteady aerodynamic loads of high-speed trains in fluctuating winds. Using this method, the standard deviation and maximum value of the aerodynamic force (moment) are simulated. The results show that when the train speed is fixed, the varying mean wind speeds have large impact on the fluctuating value of the wind speeds and aerodynamic loads; in contrast, when the wind speed is fixed, the varying train speeds have little impact on the fluctuating value of the wind speeds or aerodynamic loads. The ratio of standard deviation to 0.5 $$ ho Kar{u}^{2} $$ , or maximum value to 0.5 $$ ho Kar{u}^{2} $$ , can be expressed as the function of mean yaw angle. The peak factors of the side force and roll moment are the same (~3.28), the peak factor of the lift force is ~3.33, and the peak factors of the yaw moment and pitch moment are also the same (~3.77).
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机译：摘要为研究高速列车在脉动侧风中的非稳态气动载荷，基于库珀理论和谐波叠加法，计算了高速列车在运动点移动时的脉动风。运用计算流体动力学方法获得了不同平均偏航角下的气动载荷系数，并引入了气动导纳函数来计算高速列车在脉动风中的非稳态气动载荷。使用这种方法，可以模拟空气动力（力矩）的标准偏差和最大值。结果表明，当列车速度固定时，变化的平均风速对风速和空气动力载荷的波动值有较大的影响。相反，当风速固定时，变化的列车速度对风速或空气动力负荷的波动值几乎没有影响。标准偏差与0.5 $$ rho K bar {u} ^ {2} $$的比率或最大值与0.5 $$ rho K bar {u} ^ {2} $$的比率可以表示为平均偏航角的功能。侧向力和侧倾力矩的峰值因子相同（〜3.28），升力的峰值因子约为〜3.33，横摆力矩和俯仰力矩的峰值因子也相同（〜3.77）。
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