Evaluation of crude leaf extracts and benlate solution treatments on oil palm sprouted seeds for the control of Ceratocystis paradoxa causing black seed rot

摘要

Oil palm sprouted seeds inoculated with?Ceratocystis paradoxa?developed symptom of black seed rot. Benlate solution and crude leaf extracts ofAzadirachta indica,?Ocimum gratissimum,?Acalypha wilkesiana?and?Carica papayawere evaluated for the control of?Ceratocystis paradoxa. Oil palm sprouted seeds treated with?O. gratissimum?leaves extract significantly reduced?C. paradoxainfection more than that of?A. indica,?A. wilkesiana,?C. papaya?and benlate solution. Both benlate solution and crude leaf extracts recorded poor performances on the 1st and 3rd day. Average performance was recorded on the 7th day. However, after 14 days post inoculation, mean percentage of infection using?O. gratissimum?were 5.0 and? 3.30%,?A. indica?7.80 and 5.00%,?A. wilkesiana?6.10 and 5.00%,?C. papaya?15.60 and 5.60%, benlate solution 7.80 and 4.40% and control 28.30 and 12.80% for wounded and unwounded sprouted seeds. Infection was higher in the wounded when compared to the unwounded. The results indicated that?O. gratissimum?exhibited better control than the rest of the leaf extracts and benlate solution.