Isolation and Genotypic Characterization of Microbial Contaminants in Unpasteurized Fresh Juices Sold in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

摘要

In recent years, the demand for freshly produced fruit juices has increased due to the nutritional benefits. This study was aimed at evaluating the microbial quality of unpasteurized juices sold in Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria and to carry out genotypic identification of the pathogens. One hundred and thirty-five (135) samples of freshly produced orange (45), watermelon (45) and pineapple (45) juices were purchased from 3 different locations in Port Harcourt. Bacterial isolates were characterized using genotypic methods through PCR amplification of specific region of 16sRNA. The mean heterotrophic count ranged from 3.0 x 10~(3) to 5.1 x 10~(4)~( )cfu/ml; mean coliform count ranged from 2.0 x 10~(2) to 3.0 x 10~(4) cfu/ml while mean fungal count ranged from 1.4 x 10~(2) to 2.0 x 10~(2) cfu/ml. A total of 6 bacterial genera were isolated and identified as Staphylococcus aureus (28%); Bacillus cereus (26%); Klebsiella pneumonia (14%); Escherichia coli (5%); Salmonella enteric a (4%) and Shigella sp. (3%). The fungal isolates were identified as Penicillium sp (8%), Aspergillu s sp. (5%), Fusarium sp. (4%) and Mucor (3%). The high microbial load and presence of enteric pathogens indicate poor sanitary quality of products. In order to obtain maximum benefits from the fruit juices, fruit juice vendors need to be educated on good manufacturing practices (GMP) and HACCP technique. Regulatory bodies should also ensure compliance to guidelines already established.