An emissions inventory for non-road mobile machinery (NRMM) in Switzerland

摘要

Non-roadmobile machinery (NRMM) contributes a significant part of the total energyconsumption and air pollutant emissions of mobile sources. The latest update ofthe Swiss non-road emissions inventory (FOEN 2015) quantifies energy and fuelconsumption as well as regulated and four non-regulated pollutants for the period1980-2050. Emissions are calculated using a bottom-up model in which operatinghours segmented by machine type, motor type, size classes with respectivenominal power, and age are multiplied with load factors. The resulting energydemand is multiplied with fuel consumption and emission factors. While energyconsumption of NRMM has increased by 5% between 2000 and 2015, the emissions ofmost air pollutants are decreasing due to the introduction of stricter emissionlimits. Agricultural and construction machines are the largest sources of NOx andPM emissions; regarding CO and HC emissions, garden-care appliances are morerelevant than construction machinery, however. The share of the non-road sectorin total mobile energy consumption has slightly increased to 9% in 2015. Theshare in air pollutant emissions is even higher due to the time lag in emissionstandards. The transition from combustion engines towards electric motors is inprogress, mainly in the industrial and residential sectors.