Distribution of insertion sequences in Tn1546 element in vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Sulaimani, Kurdistan of Iraq

摘要

In 2008, nine clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant?Staphylococcus aureus?containing Tn1546?were recovered in Sulaimani, Iraq. The genetic diversity in Tn1546-like elements has been documented previously. The differences described thus far have included the integration of insertion sequence (IS) elements IS1216V?and IS1251.?With?polymerase chain reaction?(PCR)?and?deoxyribonucleic acid?(DNA) sequence analysis of Tn1546, the distribution of ISs among 9?vanA-containing?S. aureus?isolates were investigated. Only one VRSA element was identical to the prototype Tn1546?element. Structural analyses of the?van?gene detected IS1216?and IS1251?in the genomes of 8 isolates. In addition, IS19?was detected in thevanS-vanH?region of one of the 8 isolates. Two of the 8?vancomycin-resistant?Staphylococcus aureus?(VRSA) elements showed a deletion, which eliminated the?orf1?region, and IS1216inserted in place of it and also another copy of IS1216?inserted into the?vanSH region.?The distribution of ISs associated with Tn1546-like elements among the Sulaimani isolates was found to be different from that of American vancomycin-resistant Staphylococci population. From this study, it was concluded that identification and analysis of the IS within the?vanA?gene could be a useful tool in epidemiological investigations.