Effect of seed priming duration and temperature on seed germination behavior of bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

摘要

In order to evaluate the effect of different seed priming techniques on germination and early growth of two wheat cultivars (Azar-2 and Sardari 101) an experiment was conducted at the Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Research Institute, Karaj, Iran. Seeds were primed for 12, 24 and 36 hours at three temperature (20, 23 and 28°C) in seven priming media (Poly ethylene glycol (PEG₆₀₀₀) 10%, PEG 20%, KCl 2%, KCl 4%, KH₂PO₄ 0.5%, KH₂PO₄ 1% and distilled water as control). Maximum seed germination percentage in cv.Azar-2 was observed when the seeds primed by PEG 20% for 12h and at 20°C. The most stem length was obtained for seeds osmoprimed with PEG 10% for 24h. Osmoprimed seeds with PEG 20% for 24h produced maximum radicle length of cv.Sardari. Maximum vigor index (VI) of cv.Azar-2 was obtained from seeds primed with KH₂PO₄ 0.5% while the lowest germination percent, speed of germination and VI were observed in seeds which subjected to KCl 4% solution. Speed of germination was improved when the seed soaked water and PEG 10%. The most germination percent, VI and speed of germination were observed on 12h. Altogether 20°C treatment had better effects than other temperatures on germination attributes and seedling parameters. None of the interaction between seed priming media × cultivar × temperature and seed priming media × cultivar × priming duration showed the beneficial effects on germination index, speed of germination, dry weight and seedling height.