The effect of ethanolic extract and juice of malacca (Phyllanthus emblica L.) fruit in rat model stroke

摘要

Stroke is a leading cause of death in Indonesia. Among Indonesia’s natural resources, Malacca fruit (Phyllanthus emblica L.) is suspected to have potential as an alternative medicine for stroke. The objective of this study was to observe the recovery effect of ethanolic extract and juice of Malacca fruit toward rat stroke model. Plant extract was characterized and determined its chemical compound by phytochemical screening method. The dose of ethanolic extract and juice of Malacca fruit was 50 and 100 mg/kgBW. Induction of rat model of ischemic stroke was made by binding to the common carotid artery to the left. Test parameters include tests of motor function, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and extensive measurements of brain injury in rats. Motor function test was observed after post-operative on 1st, 3rd, 7th, 10th, 14th, and 21st day i.e. Forelimb Placing Test (FPT), Forelimb Use Asymmetry Test (FUAT), Corner Turn Test (CTT), and rotarod test to determine antistroke effect of both extracts. Platelet aggregation inhibition test performed on day 14 and 21 by adding Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) as an inducer of platelet aggregation. After 21 days post-operative, the lesion area in the brain was determined. Data obtained was analyzed statistically. Research data of ethanol extract and fruit juice Malacca showed that fruit juice dose of 100 mg/kgBW could improve motoric function rat model of stroke which significantly marked by FPT improvement and rotarod test on day 3 until the 21st. Data inhibition of platelet aggregation results showed that the absence of significant inhibition. Area injuries were only seen in the positive control group. An average brain injury of positive control was 7.59±1.7. Fruit juice Malacca dose of 100 mg/kgBW had more potential as alternative medicine therapy of stroke than the ethanol extract of the fruit Malacca.