Controlling the Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on Chamomile, Matricaria chamomilla L. by Using Some Biocides and Latex-Bearing Plants

摘要

The tested biocides and latex-bearing plants significantly (p0.05 and/or 0.01 levels) decreased the number of Meloidogyne incognita juveniles in soil, females and egg-masses on roots, total final nematode population and consequently the rate of nematode build-up and improving the growth and yield of chamomile plants throughout two successive seasons (2016 and 2017) as compared to check plants. The suppression in the previous stages and build-up of the nematode or increase in all plant growth and yield parameters evidently varied according to the type of the tested substances. Thereupon, using of Bacillus thuringiensis karastaki (the major component for Dipel 2x product) seemed to be the most effective biocides in controlling M. incognita followed by using of Bacillus subtilis (the major component for Rhizo-N product) while, using of the active ingredient of Plant-Guard product, Trichoderma harzianum was least effective. Also, chopped shoots of Pedilanthus rithymaloides gave highest reductions in numbers of juveniles, females, egg-masses and consequently the rate of build-up (94%, 62%, 64%, 93% and 93%; respectively) followed by Cryptostegia grandiflora, Calotropis procera and Euphorbia pulcherrima. These compounds also showed significant (p0.05 and/or 0.01 levels) improvement in growth and yield of chamomile plants as compared to untreated control.