PROTóTIPOS DE SISTEMAS CONSTRUíDOS DE áREAS ALAGADAS PARA TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTES DE PISCICULTURA

摘要

The aquaculture is an activity that finishes causing eutrofization them water bodies in which its effluent one is launched, decurrent of the nutrition and prophylaxes used in its reservoirs. The components that cause greater problems are those that contain nitrogen and phosphorus. The management used in the aquiculture must be guided in such way to prevent the eutrofization and to provide treatment of effluent and water reuse. Constructed wetland system (CWS’s) has been efficient for treatment of waters, effluent and domestic and industrial sewer, being pertinent so that physical, chemical and biological processes occur similar as they happen in natural ecosystems. Initially some archetypes of CWS’s had been simulated, in laboratory scale, using 46 L reservoirs, with aeration system, being vegetated with a polyculture of aquatic macrophytes, for effluent treatment of tanks of Tilapia of the Nile creation. The analyzed types of support matrix had been: soil of cerrado area; soil plus brick fragments (1:1) (aggregate); soil plus brick fragments (3:1); and brick fragments. The results had demonstrated that CWS’s contend soil plus aggregate was efficient to treat the effluent one used in this study. After the stabilization of CWS’s, better efficiencies had been observed in the system only contend brick fragments or only soil, depending on the analyzed parameter.