Utilization, Collection and Conservation of Animal Genetics Resources in Relation to Indigenous Breeds

摘要

Indigenous breeds provide the necessary Genetic diversity needed by modern agriculture as a Means to ensure stability and are vital building blocks for future livestock breeding programmers. Farm Animal Genetic Resources (FAnGR) conservation, Collection and processing procedures which different widely depending upon the type of germplasm being collected and the donor species. Due to indigenous FAnGR carry genes that enable them to tolerate harsh environments, cope with thorny vegetation in drought-prone areas, walk long distance and repel attacks by diseases and pests. However, these animal resources are constantly being eroded and are nearing extinction. Conservation is an action to ensure that the diversity of farm animal genetic material is being maintained for contribution to food production, Two methods for the conservation of animal genetic resources In-situ conservation refers to conservation of livestock through continued use by livestock keepers in the production system in which the livestock evolved or are now normally found and Ex-situ (in vivo conservation): Effective conservation of genetic resources is possible only if the breeds are identified and documented adequately. Therefore conservation of FAnGR is useful for the sustainable utilization of genetic resources under different production environment and production system. In this regard, valuation of local breeds should consider their major contribution to risk management under the prevailing hard and fluctuating environmental conditions.