Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura During Maintenance Phase of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Rare Coexistence Requiring a High Degree of Suspicion, a Case Report and Review of the Literature

摘要

Thrombocytopenia may develop in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) due to myelosuppression ofchemotherapy or relapse. Here we report a pediatric patient with ALL whose platelet counts decreased at the 102ndweek of maintenance treatment. Thrombocytopenia was refractory to platelet infusions and bone marrow aspirationrevealed remission status for ALL along with increased megakaryocytes. The cessation of chemotherapy for 2 weekscaused no increase in thrombocyte counts. The viral serology was unrevealing. A diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenicpurpura (ITP) was established. After administration of intravenous immunoglobulin, the thrombocytopenia resolved.When thrombocytopenia occurs in patients with ALL in remission, ITP should be kept in mind after exclusion of themore common etiologies.