Therapeutic Potential and Recent Development of Psychobiotics for the Management of Brain Disorders

摘要

Translational studies indicate that probiotics may have an impact on depression, stress responses, anxiety, behavior and cognitive functions. Psychobiotics are the type of probiotic substances having potential mental health benefits when ingested through interactions with gut-microbiota. Psychobiotics exert these health benefits through Microbiota-brain communication by producing neurotransmitters such as serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid, which act through the gut-brain axis. Psychobiotics have been reported for beneficial use as anti-Alzheimer’s, anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects characterized by systemic, cognitive and emotional changes. Development of psychobiotics as a therapeutic candidate may open up the possibility for manipulation of gut-microbiota for effective management of various psychological disorders and co-morbidities. The objective of this article was to conduct the systemic literature review and analysis of reported study related to psychobiotics and to understand the possible mechanism of psychobiotics involved in the communication between brain and gut-microbiome. During last decade, researchers have compiled convincing evidence that suggests the gut-microbiome influence mental health and cognition. Therefore, it is important for the researchers to explore more about the gut-microbiota-brain connections. In this review, it was revealed that use of psychobiotics formulations might be a safe and effectual therapeutic strategy to treat psychotropic disorders including depression, anxiety, Alzheimer’s disease as well as dementia. However, exhaustive and mechanistic researches are warranted to investigate the potential of psychobiotics on microbiome-gut-brain axis in humans and therapeutic candidate as clinical uses for brain disorders.