Changing Maxillary and Mandibular Inter-canine and Inter-molar Distance between 8 to 20 years: Male and Female

摘要

The growth and development of the maxillary and mandibular intercanine and intermolar distances are of special interest for anatomist orthodontist, prosthodontist, oral surgeon and forensic scientist. The study was conducted on 210 patients casts, aged between 8-20 years. The intercanine and intermolar width of both arches increase significantly (p<0.05) and sexual dimorphism occur. Introduction The growth and development of the maxillary and mandibular intercanine and lntermolar distances are of special interest in medical and forensic practice. Sinclair and Little 1 described a decrease of 0.75 mm in the intercanine dimension, especially for women, in the 13 to 20 year age group. Bishara et al. 2 found a significant decrease in the upper and lower intercanine dimensions of females above 25 years. In males individuals only the inferior intercanine dimension showed reduction. While evaluating adult dental arch dimension changes, Carter and Mc Namera 3 found a reduction in the upper and lower intercanine dimensions. Regarding the distance between molars, Sillman 4 did not observe any changes in males aged 14 years and older but showed insignificant reduction for females even after 16 years. Bishara et al. 2 demonstrated that the upper intermolar distance underwent an increase in adults aged 25 to 45 years, whereas the intermolar distance in mandibular did not undergo the same changes. This paper reviews a change in Intercanine and intermolar distance of upper and lower jaw with age. Material and Methods The study was conducted on 210 patients (107:103, M:F) in the age groups of 8-20 years, selected from the Out Patient Department of Govt. Dental College associated with Pt. B.D. Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Science, Rohtak (Haryana). The individuals participating in the sample presented dental and skeletal class I occlusion and had a satisfactory clinical occlusion. Thus, they represented normal occlusion cases and not excellent or ideal occlusion. The impression of both arches were taken with alginate and poured with type IV dental stone. Care was taken to pour the impression immediately to minimize any dimensional change. The Intercanine and intermolar distance of maxillary and mandibular were measured with vernier calliper on the casts. results