Study of the Salivary Retention Of Fluorides After The Application Of Various Topical Reagents And Their Effect On Streptococcus Mutans

摘要

Topical fluoride therapy (TFT) in the form of toothpastes, mouthrinses, varnishes and gels are effective caries preventive measures. Different fluoride compounds, different vehicles, and vastly different concentrations have been used with different frequencies and durations of application. These variables can influence the clinical outcome with respect to caries prevention and management. The efficacy of topical fluoride in caries prevention depends on a) the concentration of fluoride used, b) the frequency and duration of application, and to a certain extent, c) the specific fluoride compound used. Factors besides efficacy, such as practicality, cost, and compliance, influence the clinician's choice of preventive therapy. This study was conducted with the aim & objective to compare the retention of fluorides produced by various topical agents and compare the effects of fluoride on Streptococcus Mutans. Introduction Fluoride has played a pivotal role in oral health promotion over the past 50 years. The understanding of the process of dental caries and the mode of action of fluoride has changed in recent years. Dental caries is a continuous process of demineralization and remineralization of the enamel and fluoride plays a key role in this process through its action at the plaque enamel interface. It is now accepted that the primary mode of action of fluoride is post-eruptive. The post-eruptive action of fluoride has resulted in new methods of delivering fluoride. The current health care trend is to provide evidence-based recommendations and treatment. Many literature reviews have shown fluoride's effectiveness against caries. The current use of fluoride in the prevention of dental caries is based on community, professional, and individual strategies. Personalized fluoride regimens should include a risk analysis and a review of the patient's current fluoride exposure. Fluoride use should be part of any preventive programme for the control of dental caries in children. Each child under the care of a dentist should have a carefully planned programme appropriate to the level of caries risk and age of each child.(1-3) History: Fluoride varnishes were developed as individual alternatives to conventional topical fluoride application and are today gaining acceptance for clinical application. Two varnishes, Duraphat containing 5% wt NaF and Fluor Protector with 0.9% wt fluor silane, are available commercially. The clinical effects seem to depend mainly on application frequency, especially in high caries risk groups. The cost-benefit effect is high, but can be increased by delegating application to auxiliary personnel in conjunction with regular dental visits. Fluoride varnishes, such as Duraphat, are effective in increasing the fluoride content in the enamel and preventing caries. Varnish application is fast and easy. A professional prophylaxis before varnish application is not necessary, which decreases the application time. Patients receive significant preventive benefits with only semiannual varnish applications. Fluoride varnishes still await approval from the FDA for use as caries preventive agents. In the meantime, their use for such purposes is considered “off-label.” fluoride varnish treatments are known to result in elevated fluoride levels in plaque adjacent to fixed orthodontic appliances for a period of up to 1 week, although different patterns were disclosed for the various brands. Zimmer S. conducted a study in children aged 9-15 years, they suggested that the biannual application of Duraphat varnish in school-based programmes provides a caries inhibition of 38%. A caries inhibition of up to 40% was also be achieved by gels containing 1.25% fluoride, if applied 30 times per year. (4-14)A study was conducted in the Dept of Pedodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences,Dharwad with the following Aims and objectives: Aims & Objectives To study the salivary retention of fluoride in saliva after application of various topical ag